SINTESIS BIODIESEL DENGAN KATALIS HETEROGEN LEMPUNG CENGAR YANG DIAKTIVASI DENGAN NaOH: PENGARUH WAKTU REAKSI DAN RASIO MOLAR MINYAK:METANOL

Abstract

Biodiesel is mainly produced from vegetable oils or animal fats by themethod of transesterification reaction using catalyst. Manyheterogenous solid acid and base catalyst have been studied for thetransesterification of various vegetables oils. In this study thetransesterification of vegetable oil to fatty acid methyl esters wasstudied using sodium hidroxide activated clay catalyst. The catalystwas prepared by activating clay with NaOH by impregnation method.50 ml NaOH solution was gradually added to 50 g clays, stirred,owashed and calcined at 300 C for 3 hours. The transesterificationreaction was performed by using of optimum NaOH loading catalyst,reaction time was variated for 4 to 10 hour, molar ratio of oil/metanolofrom 1:3, 1:6, 1:9 and 1:12 at 60 C. It was found that the maximalproduction of biodiesel which is 78.285% on catalyst that have 20%(w/w) loading NaOH, reaction time for 8 hours, oil-methanol molaroratio is 1:6, and the temperature reaction at 60 C.