MORFOLOGI DAN SIFAT KARET ALAM VULKANISAT YANG DIPERKUAT DENGAN F ILLER HYBRID CARBON BLACK/ABU S AWIT

Abstract

Palm based fly ash is a solid waste of palm oil processing industry which containssilica components. These components are typically used to improve the mechanicalproperties of rubber-based products. This research aim to study the effects ofhybrid filler rate and mass ratio of carbon black/fly ash to morphology andproperties of rubber vulcanizate. The rubber compounds were prepared using thetwo-roll mill at rate of hybrid filler was varied from 30 to 50 phr (per hundredrubbers). Mass ratio of carbon black/fly ash was varied 100/0; 70/30; 50/50; 30/70and 0/100. Other additives include ZnO 5 phr, stearic acid 2 phr, trimethylquinone1 phr, mercaptodibenzo-thiozyldisulfide 0.6 phr, sulfur 3 phr and minarex asplasticizer 2.5 phr. The mixing was conducted at room temperature with the rollspeed of 20 rpm. The rubber vulcanizate samples were prepared using hot press attemperature of 150 °C and pressure of 50 kg/cm2. The morphological study oncryogenically fractured samples was performed using scanning electronmicroscopy. The tensile strength and elongation at break were measured by ISO527-2 type 5A standard. The results indicate that the using of hybrid filler of carbonblack/fly ash could improve the morphology and the properties of the rubbervulcanizate significantly. Incorporation of the filler on to the vulcanizedameliorated uniformity of phases distribution and promote good adhesion betweenphases. At the filler rate of 30 phr and carbon black/fly ash mass ratio of 70/30, thetensile strength was found to be 19.6 MPa with the elongation at break of 1500 %and elastic modulus of 0.75 MPa.